UTILIZATION OF SAILFISH (ISTIOPHORUS PLATYPTERUS) BONE WASTE TO PRODUCE CALCIUM-RICH FISH BONE FLOUR

Abstract

The sailfish (Istiophorus platypterus) is a fast-swimming fish considered to have low economic value due to its relatively tough flesh; consequently, the meat is typically processed via smoking, while the bones—considered waste—are discarded without further optimal utilization. In this study, the fish bones were processed into fish bone flour to create a product of economic value. An experimental method was employed using a single sample type (fish bone flour) with three replicates, and the data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. The results showed a whiteness degree of 68.38%, a bulk density of 0.097%, and a water absorption capacity of 126.77%. These parameters indicate that the product possesses a relatively bright color, a lightweight and porous structure, and high-water absorption capability. Regarding chemical parameters, the mean values ​​obtained were 6.98% protein content, 4.39% moisture content, 57.20% ash content, and 1.36% calcium content. The moisture content was relatively low, indicating a sufficiently dry product with the potential for a longer shelf life. The ash content of 57.20% was the highest value recorded, reflecting a high content of minerals or inorganic components within the material. The calcium content of 1.36% indicates the product's potential as a source of calcium.